Perfluorinated compounds in blood of Caretta caretta from the Mediterranean Sea     

Cristiana Guerranti  Stefania Ancora  Nicola Bianchi  Guido Perra  Emiliano Leonida Fanello  Simonetta Corsolini  Maria Cristina Fossi  Silvano Ettore Focardi 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), widely used for their hydro-oil repellent properties, are almost non-degradable in the environment; there is scientific evidence that indicate bioaccumulation. They represent a threat to many organisms, because they are toxic and are endocrine disruptors. Scientific studies have demonstrated the presence of PFCs in blood and liver samples of fish, turtles, birds and mammals of marine ecosystems in different geographical areas. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of PFOS and PFOA in blood samples of the marine turtle Caretta caretta, using a minimally invasive sampling procedure. 49 blood samples of marine turtle, taken from several Italian marine turtle rescue centers, were analyzed. While PFOA was never detected, measurable concentrations of PFOS were found in 15 blood samples; the values show a range from 1.14 ng/g to 28.51 ng/g (wet wt.). No differences between groups of samples taken from different areas were found.  相似文献   

Setting limits for acceptable change in sediment particle size composition: Testing a new approach to managing marine aggregate dredging     

Keith M. Cooper 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

A baseline dataset from 2005 was used to identify the spatial distribution of macrofaunal assemblages across the eastern English Channel. The range of sediment composition found in association with each assemblage was used to define limits for acceptable change at ten licensed marine aggregate extraction areas. Sediment data acquired in 2010, 4 years after the onset of dredging, were used to assess whether conditions remained within the acceptable limits. Despite the observed changes in sediment composition, the composition of sediments in and around nine extraction areas remained within pre-defined acceptable limits. At the tenth site, some of the observed changes within the licence area were judged to have gone beyond the acceptable limits. Implications of the changes are discussed, and appropriate management measures identified. The approach taken in this study offers a simple, objective and cost-effective method for assessing the significance of change, and could simplify the existing monitoring regime.  相似文献   

Reply to Comment on ‘Marine GIS: Identification of mesoscale oceanic thermal fronts’     

V. Valavanis  I. Katara  A. Palialexis 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(3):375-378

Geographic information service (GIService) has become popular in the last decade to develop applications for addressing global challenges. Performance is one of the most important criteria to help users select distributed online GIService for developing geospatial applications including natural hazards and emergency responses. However, performance accuracy is limited by the single-location-based evaluation mechanism while service performance is dynamic in space and time between end-users and services. We propose a spatiotemporal performance evaluation mechanism to improve the accuracy. Specially, a cloud and volunteer computing mechanism is proposed to collect performance information of globally distributed GIServices. A global spatiotemporal performance model is designed to integrate spatiotemporal dynamics for better performance evaluation for users from different regions at different times. This model is tested to support GIService selection in global spatial data infrastructures (SDIs). The experiment confirms that the proposed model provides more accurate evaluations for global users and better supports geospatial resource utilizations in SDIs than previous mechanisms. The methodology can be adopted to improve the services of other regional and global distributed operational systems.  相似文献   

Effects of suspended particles on the growth of two dominant phytoplankton species of Bohai Bay,China     

Chunguang Liu  Junli Wang  Jianfeng Feng  Shitao Peng 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

Suspended particles (SP) are increasing dramatically in Bohai Bay, China and may affect the growth and composition of phytoplankton assembly. To determine the effects of SP on the growth of two dominant phytoplankton species, Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin and Gymnodinium sp., we cultured and tested their growth characteristics under SP concentrations ranging from 0 g L⁻¹ to 0.8 g L⁻¹. Our results show that the increase in the SP concentrations results in significant decrease in the maximum cell densities and the maximum specific growth rates of these two species. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of SP to P. tricornutum and Gymnodinium sp. were 1.07 g L⁻¹ and 0.68 g L⁻¹ respectively, indicating the inhibitory effect of SP on Gymnodinium sp. was greater than on P. tricornutum. These results suggest that SP inhibits the growth of the two algal species and P. tricornutum is more tolerant to SP than Gymnodinium sp.  相似文献   

The incidence of plastic ingestion by fishes: From the prey’s perspective     

Henry S. Carson 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

One of the primary threats to ocean ecosystems from plastic pollution is ingestion by marine organisms. Well-documented in seabirds, turtles, and marine mammals, ingestion by fish and sharks has received less attention until recently. We suggest that fishes of a variety of sizes attack drifting plastic with high frequency, as evidenced by the apparent bite marks commonly left behind. We examined 5518 plastic items from random plots on Kamilo Point, Hawai’i Island, and found 15.8% to have obvious signs of attack. Extrapolated to the entire amount of debris removed from the 15 km area, over 1.3 tons of plastic is attacked each year. Items with a bottle shape, or those blue or yellow in color, were attacked with a higher frequency. The triangular edges or punctures left by teeth ranged from 1 to 20 mm in width suggesting a variety of species attack plastic items. More research is needed to document the specific fishes and rates of plastic ingestion.  相似文献   

基于加权贝叶斯网络的海洋灾害评估与管理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李明  张韧  洪梅 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(1):52-59

在全球气候变化背景下,海洋灾害的群发性、难以预见性和灾害链效应日显突出,带来的损失逐年上升,开展海洋灾害评估对于海洋经济建设、资源开发和工程建设具有重要的现实意义。文章首先基于风险理论剖析了海洋灾害风险的不确定性特征,构建了灾害评估指标体系;然后基于贝叶斯网络模型,提出了处理不确定性灾害评估的风险贝叶斯网络,进而基于主客观定权,构建了加权贝叶斯网络评估模型;最后对我国沿海地区海洋灾害开展评估研究。实验表明,该评估模型实现了海洋灾害的风险评估,具有一定的科学性和可行性。  相似文献   

基于GM(1,1)模型的海洋经济发展预测研究          下载免费PDF全文

李梁虹  董月娥 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(2):3-6

文章采用灰色预测法,选取2001—2016年我国海洋生产总值作为基础数据,建立海洋经济发展预测模型即GM(1,1)模型;运用残差检验、关联度检验和后验差检验对该模型精度进行检验,同时运用该模型对已知年份数据进行预测并将预测值与实际值相比较,结果表明模型预测精度较高,对于短期预测具有可信度;在此基础上,运用GM(1,1)模型计算和预测2017—2021年我国海洋生产总值,得出我国海洋经济将保持稳步增长的结论。  相似文献   

我国海洋倾倒区使用现状与管理对策研究          下载免费PDF全文

曾容  许艳  杨翼  王晓莉  曲艳敏 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(1):40-45

海洋倾废是海洋空间资源环境效益的重要体现,对其进行科学有效的管理,是保护海洋环境及海洋资源的一项重要内容和主要任务。文章对我国海洋倾倒区分布及使用现状进行了分析,对目前海洋倾倒区使用与监管中存在的海洋空间资源利用不合理、倾倒区空间布局与已有区划冲突、部分省、市倾倒需求得不到满足、倾废记录仪利用效率不高、倾倒执法监察与监管效率低下等问题进行了研究,并在此基础上提出海洋倾倒管理应加强法制化管理;科学合理地规划、设置和使用海洋倾倒区;加强对海洋倾倒区审批后的监视监控;加快构建海洋倾废综合管理信息平台等对策建议。  相似文献   

基于PSR模型的胶州湾生态安全评价研究          下载免费PDF全文

孙慧莹  余静  周玲玲  冯若燕  于小芹 《海洋开发与管理》2019,36(9):52-59

科学有效地评价胶州湾生态安全程度,是胶州湾地区可持续发展的前提。文章基于PSR模型建立评价指标体系,利用AHP-熵权法确立指标权重,对2007—2016年胶州湾生态安全的发展状况进行了综合评价,并从压力、状态、响应3个方面对影响胶州湾生态安全的主要因素进行系统分析。研究结果表明:胶州湾生态安全指数整体呈波动上升态势,但在2010—2013年略有下降,并在2014年有大幅度的回升直至2016年。生态安全指数在0.4～0.6间波动,整体处于"一般"的生态安全状态。最后,文章提出通过坚持控制入海污水排放量和环境污染,加强海洋生态保护修复与海洋保护区建设,进一步完善胶州湾生态安全保护相关法律制度,注重海洋科技人才培养等方式来促进胶州湾地区生态安全水平的提高。  相似文献   

市场比较法在养殖用海价格评估中的应用初探     

崔东阳  金颖  吴桂敏  唐琳 《海洋科学》2019,43(12)

开展养殖用海基准价格评估，有利于推动海域资源市场化配置，形成良性的养殖用海交易市场。本研究介绍了市场比较法的原理及适用范围，并基于养殖用海的特点，以深圳市开放式养殖用海为评估对象，运用市场比较法测算其海域基准价值，并分析各评估方法在养殖用海评估中的适用性和局限性。  相似文献